Inadequate Joint Preparation
If oxide layers, contaminants, or residues are not properly removed before welding, the result is often a defective weld seam. Oxide layers – particularly on aluminum, stainless steel, or titanium – prevent proper fusion between the base material and filler metal. Rust, oil, grease, or dirt also act as separating layers, severely affecting weld quality.
How to avoid it:
- Thorough cleaning of joint surfaces (e.g. mechanically by grinding or brushing, chemically by pickling)
- Removing oxide layers before welding, especially for aluminum and stainless steel
- Using proper cleaning and degreasing agents
- Ensuring a clean, dry, and metallically bright surface before welding
